格华止-盐酸二甲双胍片, GLUCOPHAGE-Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets, 0.5g*60 Tablets

Drug Name

Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets

Ingredients

The active ingredient in this medication is metformin hydrochloride.

Indications

Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets are indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults and pediatric patients 10 years of age and older whose hyperglycemia is not adequately controlled with diet and exercise alone. It may also be used in combination with other oral antidiabetic medications or insulin.

Dosage and Administration

• The recommended starting dose and dosage adjustments should be individualized based on the patient's response and tolerability.
• For adults, the usual starting dose is 500 mg or 850 mg once daily, with a maximum dose of 2,000 mg per day, taken in divided doses.
• For pediatric patients 10 to 16 years of age, the maximum daily dose is 2,000 mg.

Contraindications

Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets are contraindicated in patients with:

• Severe renal impairment (eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m²)
• Acute or chronic conditions that may alter renal function
• Conditions that may cause tissue hypoxia
• Severe infection or trauma
• Known hypersensitivity to metformin hydrochloride or any inactive ingredient in the formulation

Warnings and Precautions

• Monitor renal function before and periodically during treatment.
• Discontinue Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets if the patient experiences dehydration, severe infection, or hypotension.
• Use with caution in patients with heart failure, as they may have a higher risk of hypoxia and renal insufficiency.
• Discontinue Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets at least 48 hours before and after an intravascular administration of iodinated contrast agents due to the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy.

Adverse Reactions

The most common adverse reactions associated with Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets are:

• Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort)
• Lactic acidosis (a rare but serious complication)
• Vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia

Drug Interactions

Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets may interact with various medications, including:

• Insulin and other oral antidiabetic agents (increased risk of hypoglycemia)
• Diuretics, corticosteroids, and other drugs that may increase blood glucose levels
• Anticoagulants (increased anticoagulant effect)

Pharmacology

Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets work by reducing hepatic glucose production, inhibiting intestinal absorption of glucose, and increasing peripheral glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity.

Storage

Store Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets at room temperature in a tightly closed container.

Packaging

Available in various packaging sizes, with a shelf life of typically 24 months when stored under recommended conditions.